History of AI and ML

1950	Alan Turing publishes "Computing Machinery and Intelligence"
1952	Arthur Samuel develops a self-learning program to play checkers
1956	Artificial Intelligence used by John McCarthy in a conference
1957	First programming language for numeric and scientific computing (FORTRAN)
1958	First AI programming language (LISP)
1959	Arthur Samuel used the term Machine Learning
1959	John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky founded the MIT Artificial Intelligence Project
1961	First industrial Robot (Unimate) on the assembly line at General Motors
1965	ELIZA by Joseph Weizenbaum was the first program that could communicate on any topic
1972	First logic programming language (PROLOG)
1991	U.S. forces uses DART (automated logistics planning and scheduling) in the Gulf war
1997	Deep Blue (IBM) beats the world champion in chess
2002	The first robot cleaner (Roomba)
2005	Self-driving car (STANLEY) wins DARPA
2008	Breakthrough in speech recognition (Google)
2011	A neural network wins over humans in traffic sign recognition (99.46% vs 99.22%)
2011	Apple Siri
2011	Watson (IBM) wins Jeopardy!
2014	Amazon Alexa
2014	Microsoft Cortana
2014	Self-driving car (Google) passes a state driving test
2015	Google AlphaGo defeated various human champions in the board game Go
2016	The human robot Sofia by Hanson Robotics

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Why AI Now?

One of the greatest innovators in the field of machine learning was John McCarthy, widely recognized as the "Father of Artificial Intelligence".

In the mid 1950s, McCarthy coined the term "Artificial Intelligence" and defined it as "the science of making intelligent machines".

The algorithms has been here since then. Why is AI more interesting now?

The answer is:

• Computing power has not been strong enough
• Computer storage has not been large enough
• Big data has not been available
• Fast Internet has not been available

Another strong force is the major investments from big companies (Google, Microsoft, Facebook, YouTube) because their datasets became much too big to handle traditionally.

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Man vs Machine

Man	Computer
Smart	Stupid
Slow	Fast
Inaccurate	Accurate

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Interesting Questions

Studying AI raises many interesting questions:

Machines can understand verbal commands, recognize faces, drive cars, and play games better than us.

How long will it take before they walk among us?

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