History of AI and ML

1950 Alan Turing publishes "Computing Machinery and Intelligence"
1952 Arthur Samuel develops a self-learning program to play checkers
1956 Artificial Intelligence used by John McCarthy in a conference
1957 First programming language for numeric and scientific computing (FORTRAN)
1958 First AI programming language (LISP)
1959 Arthur Samuel used the term Machine Learning
1959 John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky founded the MIT Artificial Intelligence Project
1961 First industrial Robot (Unimate) on the assembly line at General Motors
1965 ELIZA by Joseph Weizenbaum was the first program that could communicate on any topic
1972 First logic programming language (PROLOG)
1991 U.S. forces uses DART (automated logistics planning and scheduling) in the Gulf war
1997 Deep Blue (IBM) beats the world champion in chess
2002 The first robot cleaner (Roomba)
2005 Self-driving car (STANLEY) wins DARPA
2008 Breakthrough in speech recognition (Google)
2011 A neural network wins over humans in traffic sign recognition (99.46% vs 99.22%)
2011 Apple Siri
2011 Watson (IBM) wins Jeopardy!
2014 Amazon Alexa
2014 Microsoft Cortana
2014 Self-driving car (Google) passes a state driving test
2015 Google AlphaGo defeated various human champions in the board game Go
2016 The human robot Sofia by Hanson Robotics

Sopia


Why AI Now?

One of the greatest innovators in the field of machine learning was John McCarthy, widely recognized as the "Father of Artificial Intelligence".

In the mid 1950s, McCarthy coined the term "Artificial Intelligence" and defined it as "the science of making intelligent machines".

The algorithms has been here since then. Why is AI more interesting now?

The answer is:

  • Computing power has not been strong enough
  • Computer storage has not been large enough
  • Big data has not been available
  • Fast Internet has not been available

Another strong force is the major investments from big companies (Google, Microsoft, Facebook, YouTube) because their datasets became much too big to handle traditionally.



Man vs Machine

Man Computer
Smart Stupid
Slow Fast
Inaccurate Accurate

Interesting Questions

Studying AI raises many interesting questions:

"Can computers think like humans?"

"Can computers be smarter than humans?"

"Can computers take over the world?"

Machines can understand verbal commands, recognize faces, drive cars, and play games better than us.

How long will it take before they walk among us?


 

 

History of AI

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