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Java Operators

Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.

In the example below, we use the + operator to add together two values:

Example

int x = 100 + 50;

 

Although the + operator is often used to add together two values, like in the example above, it can also be used to add together a variable and a value, or a variable and another variable:

Example

int sum1 = 100 + 50;        // 150 (100 + 50)

int sum2 = sum1 + 250;      // 400 (150 + 250)

int sum3 = sum2 + sum2;     // 800 (400 + 400)

Java divides the operators into the following groups:

  • Arithmetic operators
  • Assignment operators
  • Comparison operators
  • Logical operators
  • Bitwise operators

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform common mathematical operations.

Operator

Name

Description

Example

  

+

Addition

Adds together two values

x + y

  

-

Subtraction

Subtracts one value from another

x - y

  

*

Multiplication

Multiplies two values

x * y

  

/

Division

Divides one value by another

x / y

  

%

Modulus

Returns the division remainder

x % y

  

++

Increment

Increases the value of a variable by 1

++x

  

--

Decrement

Decreases the value of a variable by 1

--x

  

Java Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

In the example below, we use the assignment operator (=) to assign the value 10 to a variable called x:

Example

int x = 10;

The addition assignment operator (+=) adds a value to a variable:

Example

int x = 10;

x += 5;

A list of all assignment operators:

Operator

Example

Same As

  

=

x = 5

x = 5

  

+=

x += 3

x = x + 3

  

-=

x -= 3

x = x - 3

  

*=

x *= 3

x = x * 3

  

/=

x /= 3

x = x / 3

  

%=

x %= 3

x = x % 3

  

&=

x &= 3

x = x & 3

  

|=

x |= 3

x = x | 3

  

^=

x ^= 3

x = x ^ 3

  

>>=

x >>= 3

x = x >> 3

  

<<=

x <<= 3

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