SQL Server Functions

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SQL Server has many built-in functions.

This reference contains string, numeric, date, conversion, and some advanced functions in SQL Server.

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SQL Server String Functions

Function	Description
	Returns the ASCII value for the specific character
	Returns the character based on the ASCII code
	Returns the position of a substring in a string
	Adds two or more strings together
	Adds two or more strings together
	Adds two or more strings together with a separator
	Returns the number of bytes used to represent an expression
	Compares two SOUNDEX values, and returns an integer value
	Formats a value with the specified format
	Extracts a number of characters from a string (starting from left)
	Returns the length of a string
	Converts a string to lower-case
	Removes leading spaces from a string
	Returns the Unicode character based on the number code
	Returns the position of a pattern in a string
	Returns a Unicode string with delimiters added to make the string a valid SQL Server delimited identifier
	Replaces all occurrences of a substring within a string, with a new substring
	Repeats a string a specified number of times
	Reverses a string and returns the result
	Extracts a number of characters from a string (starting from right)
	Removes trailing spaces from a string
	Returns a four-character code to evaluate the similarity of two strings
	Returns a string of the specified number of space characters
	Returns a number as string
	Deletes a part of a string and then inserts another part into the string, starting at a specified position
	Extracts some characters from a string
	Returns the string from the first argument after the characters specified in the second argument are translated into the characters specified in the third argument.
	Removes leading and trailing spaces (or other specified characters) from a string
	Returns the Unicode value for the first character of the input expression
	Converts a string to upper-case

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SQL Server Math/Numeric Functions

Function	Description
	Returns the absolute value of a number
	Returns the arc cosine of a number
	Returns the arc sine of a number
	Returns the arc tangent of a number
	Returns the arc tangent of two numbers
	Returns the average value of an expression
	Returns the smallest integer value that is >= a number
	Returns the number of records returned by a select query
	Returns the cosine of a number
	Returns the cotangent of a number
	Converts a value in radians to degrees
	Returns e raised to the power of a specified number
	Returns the largest integer value that is <= to a number
	Returns the natural logarithm of a number, or the logarithm of a number to a specified base
	Returns the natural logarithm of a number to base 10
	Returns the maximum value in a set of values
	Returns the minimum value in a set of values
	Returns the value of PI
	Returns the value of a number raised to the power of another number
	Converts a degree value into radians
	Returns a random number
	Rounds a number to a specified number of decimal places
	Returns the sign of a number
	Returns the sine of a number
	Returns the square root of a number
	Returns the square of a number
	Calculates the sum of a set of values
	Returns the tangent of a number

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SQL Server Date Functions

Function	Description
	Returns the current date and time
	Adds a time/date interval to a date and then returns the date
	Returns the difference between two dates
	Returns a date from the specified parts (year, month, and day values)
	Returns a specified part of a date (as string)
	Returns a specified part of a date (as integer)
	Returns the day of the month for a specified date
	Returns the current database system date and time
	Returns the current database system UTC date and time
	Checks an expression and returns 1 if it is a valid date, otherwise 0
	Returns the month part for a specified date (a number from 1 to 12)
	Returns the date and time of the SQL Server
	Returns the year part for a specified date

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SQL Server Advanced Functions

Function	Description
	Converts a value (of any type) into a specified datatype
	Returns the first non-null value in a list
	Converts a value (of any type) into a specified datatype
	Returns the name of the current user in the SQL Server database
	Returns a value if a condition is TRUE, or another value if a condition is FALSE
	Return a specified value if the expression is NULL, otherwise return the expression
	Tests whether an expression is numeric
	Returns NULL if two expressions are equal
	Returns the name of the current user in the SQL Server database
	Returns the session settings for a specified option
	Returns the login name for the current user
	Returns the database user name based on the specified id